When instructors curve grades
A grade curve is a uniform adjustment instructors apply when an assessment was harder than intended. The most common forms are a flat point bump (everyone's raw score goes up by the same amount) or a flat percentage bump (everyone's percentage goes up by the same amount). Both preserve relative ranking — the curve just shifts everyone up.
Worked examples
Points mode. Original 72/100 = 72%. Curve +5 points → 77/100 = 77%. Letter goes from C− to C+.
Percent mode. Original 72/100 = 72%. Curve +10% → 82%. Score equivalent: 82/100. Letter goes from C− to B−.
Other curve types
- Square-root curve: new = √(score) × √(max). Bigger lift for low scores. Not implemented here.
- Bell curve: grades distributed against a target mean and standard deviation. Use class statistics rather than this tool.
- Highest-score curve: top score becomes the new 100%, every score scaled. Equivalent to a percentage curve sized to (100 − top%).
Pair with
- Class average calculator — see if a curve is justified for the cohort.
- Assignment grade calculator — start from raw points then add the curve.
- Course grade calculator — feed the curved grade back into the overall course total.
